Showing posts with label milky way. Show all posts
Showing posts with label milky way. Show all posts

Monday, 5 October 2026

Complete Milky Way Editing Workflow (2026): Siril + Affinity Photo Step‑by‑Step Guide for UK beginning/intermediate Astrophotographers”

 A Complete Milky Way Composite Workflow (Siril + Affinity Photo)

If you’ve ever stood on a headland in South Devon, Dorset, or Cornwall watching the Milky Way rise over the sea while your camera quietly clicks away, you’ll know the magic of the moment. But you’ll also know the reality: coastal haze, light pollution gradients, noisy foregrounds, and the eternal battle between “what the sensor saw” and “what your eyes saw”.

Today's post is my complete, end‑to‑end SUMMARY milky way editing workflow for producing a clean, natural Milky Way composite using Siril for sky processing and Affinity Photo for blending and finishing. It’s the workflow I used this summer - refined, tested, and now written up so you can follow it step‑by‑step. 

It has been trialled during my 'summer marathon' of milky way shooting across various national trust coastal landscapes in Devon and Cornwall - you can read about that here: https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/09/milky-way-astrophotography-across.html

"Milky way landscape composited edited in affinity photo and siril
"Hauled up and safely tucked away for the night"
Boats at Priest Cove, Cape Cornwall 

As always, I add a proviso - this is my approach - I think everything is in the correct scientific order, and every tool or script includes a short explanation of what it does - but, I'm bound to be wrong somewhere - so please, if you spot an error - drop me a comment so I can correct things.

If you want to see my previous blogs about taking milky way landscape images - start here - https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2025/08/a-beginners-guide-to-post-editing-your.html  and https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2025/03/an-equipment-check-list-for-milky-way.html   and https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2025/02/beginners-guide-to-taking-your-first.html


But back to today's post - let’s dive in. 

Firstly, my Milky way editing workflow is based on using affinity photo version 1 and SIRIL version 1.4.4

Secondly - I never take single image milky way landscape photos. Mine are always a composite blend comprising a separate sky image and a separate foreground image. 

My normal 'in-the-field' work flow is: blue hour foreground shoot and a later total dark sky forground shot. Between, I take a mix of tracked shots and non tracked shots - ready for later stacking. 

Hence my normal milky way images can sort of be described as  TRACKED - STACKED - COMPOSITES


You can find details about my new Nomad tracker, by the way, here: 

https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/08/the-move-shoot-move-nomad-star-tracker.html  and https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/09/msm-nomad-star-tracker-review-update.html


Part 1 - PREP AND STACKING MILKY WAY IMAGES in Affinity Photo or Sequator

1. File Preparation

Get your sky and foreground files organised. Clean inputs = clean outputs.

2. Sky Stacking (Sequator or Affinity Photo)
  • Sequator: Aligns stars, freezes the ground, reduces noise.

  • Affinity Photo: New Stack → Auto‑align ON.

Stacking gives you a smoother, cleaner sky before Siril gets involved.


PART 2 — SIRIL LINEAR PRE‑PROCESSING OF MILKY WAY IMAGES

(This is where the scientific order really matters.)

3. Background Extraction (Polynomial)

Removes light pollution gradients and vignetting.

4. Gradient Refinement (Veralux Alchemy — gradient mode)

Smooths uneven sky brightness.

5. Gradient Smoothing (Nox — gradient mode)

Final gradient cleanup.

6. Colour Calibration (Photometric or RGB Background)

Sets scientifically accurate colour balance while the image is still linear and untouched.

This step must happen before star separation, stretching, sculpting, or noise reduction.

"Botallack Mines Milky way editing work flow"
"Wheal Owles just after the sun has set"
This is one of the images I have just evaluated and you can read my thinking and proposed re-editing actions here: https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/09/evaluating-my-wheal-owles-under-milky.html


PART 3 —  SIRIL MILKY WAY IMAGE STAR SEPARATION

7. Starless Creation (SyQon Starless / Star Composer)

Creates a clean starless layer for sculpting the Milky Way band.

8. Stars Extraction (Star Composer / SyQon residual)

Isolates stars for later recomposition.


PART 4 — SIRIL MILKY WAY IMAGE STARLESS SKY PROCESSING 

9. Hypermetric Stretch (Starless)

Stretches faint Milky Way detail while protecting highlights.

10. Curves (Starless)

Fine‑tunes contrast in linear space.

11. Sculpting (Starless)

This is where the Milky Way comes alive:

  • Veralux Alchemy — global dust lane shaping

  • Vectra — local contrast sharpening

  • Revela — colour separation and richness

  • SyQon Prism — tone shaping and highlight/midtone balance

  • SyQon Parallax — depth enhancement and band/background separation

12. Noise Reduction (Starless)
  • Silentium — detail‑preserving denoise

  • Nox (light) — smooth remaining noise

Milky way editing work flow for composite landscape image
What the eye sees vs what my camera sees
A classic example of my struggle using an astromodded camera for milky way landscapes - exacerbated by my personal preference for a warmer rather than cooler tone to a milky way sky
it certainly attracts criticism - ho hum! 



PART 5 — SIRIL MILKY WAY IMAGE STARS LAYER REFINEMENT

13. Stars Layer Adjustments

Mild curves, mild colour balance, optional tiny Vectra. Just enough to make the stars look natural — never sculpt stars.

PART 6 — SIRIL MILKY WAY IMAGE RECOMPOSITION & EXPORT

14. Star Recomposition (Star Composer / Pixel Math)

Merges stars and starless layers cleanly.

15. Export Sky Layers (16‑bit TIFF)

Save Sky Final / Starless / Stars.


PART 7 — AFFINITY PHOTO MILKY WAY EDITING COMPOSITE WORKFLOW

16. Foreground Preparation

Exposure, noise reduction, colour balance.

17. Composite Assembly

Place the sky layer below the foreground layer. Mask the foreground to reveal the sky underneath.

18. Horizon Masking

Layer mask → soft brush → feather. Blend the horizon naturally.

19. Radial & Linear Sky Masking
  • Radial mask: targets the Milky Way band

  • Linear gradient mask: controls background sky brightness

  • Invert mask: refine background sky only

These masks give you selective control over the sky without touching the landscape.

20. Global Colour Matching

White Balance → Selective Colour → Curves → HSL. Unifies sky and foreground so the composite feels natural.

21. Final Milky Way Enhancement

Clarity → Contrast → Dodge/Burn → Unsharp Mask. Adds the final punch and definition.

22. Foreground Noise Reduction

Denoise → Frequency Separation.

23. Final Global Grade

Curves → Colour Balance → Vibrance.

24. Export Final Image

16‑bit TIFF master + JPEG web.

"Milky way editing workflow for composite landscape image at wembury point above The Great Mewstone"
I rarely take milky way landscape selfies - so quite a bit of new learning and experimentation went into this image. Mastering the right timing of my headtorch illumination - required several attempts!


DEEP DIVE: Why the Sculpting Order Matters (Section 11)

For readers who love the technical detail, here’s why the sculpting tools appear in the exact order they do:

1. Veralux Alchemy → FIRST

Sets the global structure of the Milky Way band: macro‑contrast, dust lane shaping, and initial definition. You must establish the big‑shape structure before applying finer contrast or colour tools.

2. Vectra → SECOND

Enhances local contrast and micro‑structure. Vectra works best after Alchemy has already defined the major dust lanes.

3. Revela → THIRD

Refines colour separation and tonal richness. Colour refinement must come after structural contrast work; otherwise colour becomes distorted.

4. SyQon Prism → FOURTH

Tone‑shaping tool that balances highlights and midtones. Tone shaping must happen after structure and colour are already established.

5. SyQon Parallax → LAST

Adds depth perception and separation between the Milky Way band and background sky. Depth tools must be applied last, once structure, colour, and tone are finalised.

This order is the backbone of a natural‑looking Milky Way.


Final Thoughts

This workflow is the result of many late nights on Dartmoor, many coastal sessions in Dorset, and many cups of tea while staring at Siril progress bars. It’s designed to be practical, repeatable, and friendly to real‑world conditions — haze, gradients, noise, and all.

If you follow it step‑by‑step, you SHOULD get a clean, natural Milky Way composites that still feel like the night you experienced.

However, as you can see from my 'evaluate the image' posts - it hasn't quite worked out the way I thought it would in my head or from following this work flow. But, over the winter, it is something I will endeavour to put right - expect some updates to this post work flow then! 

If you have any thoughts about the work flow or the way I edit my photos - then drop me a comment in the box below so that other blog subscribers and readers can see it and learn from it - and thank you for taking the time to help me learn further - appreciated. 

As always, have fun out there, keep looking up but stay safe. 

Steve 

aka #plymouthastroboy


If you are beginning your astrophotography journey and want some tips on night time safety - check this post here: https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/09/a-personal-safety-guide-for-astronomers.html

if you want to read my previous posts on taking milky way landscape images - read this post and the following six after it: https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2025/02/beginners-guide-to-taking-your-first.html


editing workflow for milky way composite landscape image of church at Wembury Beach"
St Werburgh’s Church, a Grade I listed medieval parish church, sits above Wembury Beach in South Devon, underneath the milky way core
"A cosmic stairway to Heaven" 





Sunday, 27 September 2026

Milky Way astrophotography across Cornwall & Devon: Botallack, Rame Head, Mullion Cove, Priest Cove & Wembury. Dark skies, National Trust care, and coastal wonder.

 This Milky Way season took me from cliff‑top chapels to engine houses clinging to the edge of time. Dark skies, wild coastlines, and a camera full of stories.

Milky Way astrophotography across Cornwall & Devon: Botallack, Rame Head, Mullion Cove, Priest Cove & Wembury. Dark skies, National Trust care, and coastal wonder.


 Introduction

As winter’s grip loosens along the South West peninsula, a quiet magic unfolds long after the day‑trippers have packed away their blankets. In the stillness of an early spring or mid‑summer midnight, the familiar coastal paths of Devon and Cornwall transform. That daytime symphony of crashing waves and crying gulls softens into a rhythmic, lapping rumble of gentle surf, and as the clouds part, a second, ancient landscape reveals itself overhead.

Whether we stand on the wind-scoured clifftops at Botallack or beneath the solitary gaze of Rame Head’s medieval chapel, the darkness feels absolute. Yet, it is far from empty. Slowly, our eyes adjust to reveal a canopy of diamond dust. By April, the brilliant galactic core of the Milky Way begins its annual return to UK skies, rising like a celestial bridge over the Atlantic.

For astrophotographers and stargazers alike, these protected coastal margins are precious sanctuaries. In an increasingly urbanised world, the National Trust’s commitment to curbing light pollution does more than safeguard our view of the cosmos; it preserves vital nocturnal rhythms for nesting seabirds, hunting bats, and fragile marine ecosystems.

Capturing these moments requires patience, a red‑lens headtorch, and a willingness to brave the pre‑dawn chill. But as we watch a distant constellation frame a historic engine house or mirror perfectly in a Wembury rock pool, time dissolves. We are left with a profound sense of connection to a universe our ancestors knew intimately - a timeless heritage written in starlight.

I have spent much of this Milky Way season visiting National Trust‑managed coastal areas across south Devon and far west Cornwall and you can read about my ‘summer marathon’ ambitions here: https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/09/an-epic-milky-way-summer-16-nights-2000.html

Over the next few weeks, I’ll evaluate each image I captured - what needed improving, why, and how further editing brought those improvements to life. I’ll place each “first effort” beside its refined counterpart, so we can see what progress I’ve made. I’ve started this writing already and you can find the first preliminary efforts here:

Astrophotography, I’m told, is harder than daytime landscape photography. As I don’t do the latter, I’ll take this under advisement. One of my ‘summer marathon’ aims was to capture just one - yes, one - well‑composed Milky Way landscape with a clear, well‑focused foreground. I thought deeply about linking foreground, mid‑ground and sky seamlessly. And yet, under the extraordinary beauty of the Milky Way core, I often forgot that principle entirely. My mastery of using ‘leading lines’ will have to wait until next year instead!

This was the equipment I used during the spring/summer and the post editing software I used to produce these images.

Equipment: 

  • Astromodded Canon 800D
  • Samyang 14mm lens
  • Benbo Mach 3 CF tripod
  • MSM Nomad star tracker
  • x 2 power banks
  • x1 dummy battery for DSLR
  • Small LED light on tripod
  • Small Vano camp light – dimming

Editing:

  • Stacking in Affinity Photo (Vs 1) or Sequator
  • significant editing in SIRIL v1.4.4
  • final tonal and global edits in Affinity Photo v1

 If you want to see how I went about editing trhese images - here is my current milky way workflow: https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/10/complete-milky-way-editing-workflow.html

So, for now, here are my first efforts and my musings about the areas I visited.

Why were they great places for astrophotography?

And, how did visiting these National Trust sites improve my mental health and well-being? 

As always, constructive advice tips and thoughts are welcome - drop them in a comment box below. 



MILKY WAY ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY AT BOTALLACK 

Wheal Owles under the milky way just after sunset at Botallack
"Just after the sun has fully set"
Wheal Owles old tin mine engine house at Botallack in far west Cornwall
Tracked, stacked composite shot with some light painting of foreground

In the shadow of Wheal Owles, it’s impossible not to feel the weight of its story. In 1893 the mine flooded catastrophically, taking twenty lives and leaving a scar that still hums quietly through the landscape. As I lift my little LED light box and paint the engine house with a warm, respectful glow, I’m struck by how its silhouette feels more eloquent at night than in daylight — a monument to men who worked in conditions most of us can barely imagine.

Perhaps that’s why Wheal Owles has become such an iconic astrophotography subject. Under the Milky Way it stands like a lone sentinel, a square tower rising into infinity, its edges catching starlight as if the universe itself is acknowledging its past. It’s one of those rare buildings that speaks more clearly when the stars are out, when the silence deepens and the sky becomes a kind of cathedral.

Perched dramatically on the edge of the Tin Coast, Botallack is a landscape that carries its history in its bones. The engine houses - Crowns, Wheal Owles, Wheal Edward - all stand as monumental testaments to Cornwall’s industrial heritage, and as a Welshman I can’t help but admire the tenacity and sheer grit they represent.

The National Trust manage the area not as a museum piece to be polished, but as a living, weather‑beaten story needing careful, thoughtful stewardship. Their work is a quiet choreography: stabilising fragile structures, managing erosion along cliff paths, improving access for all with trails for all terrain disability buggies and protecting the wider mining landscape that stitches Botallack to Levant and Geevor. They keep shafts, tunnels and ruins accessible without sanding away their raw authenticity and provide education through fascinating guided walks and talks about the area.

Beyond the industrial archaeology, Botallack reveals a quieter, wilder richness. Fulmars glide on stiff wings, kestrels hover in the updrafts, and choughs sweep through with their unmistakable calls. Wildflowers cling to mineral‑rich soils — thrift, kidney vetch, sea campion — splashing colour across the slopes. Even abandoned shafts have become sanctuaries for bats and hardy plants thriving in mineral‑tinged darkness. Nature has reclaimed industry here with quiet determination. It’s a crucial asset for nocturnal birds of prey and the unique coastal heathland ecology, and the Trust work closely with residents and businesses to promote shielded, warm‑toned lighting that protects this rare darkness - the famous West Penwith International Dark Sky Park.


Light painting Wheal Owles under the milky way at Botallack
Later on in the night when the orange glow had faded
Another tracked, stacked composite

As I strolled toward Wheal Owles on my first astrophotography visit there, I realised Botallack is one of those rare landscapes that already knows how to pose. Strong silhouettes, layered textures, and narrative baked into every stone. Wheal Owles offered that perfect blend of shape and story: its square tower rising against the Milky Way like a lighthouse for the past. The cliffs drop away so sharply that the horizon feels impossibly wide. On my calm night the Atlantic became a dark mirror, catching fragments of starlight and the faint dying embers of a long‑set sun. On wilder nights, I suspect the waves become ghostly veils swirling around the rocks.

Stillness settled over the cliffs - broken only by the rumble of swell, the sharp bark of prowling foxes, and the crunch of other photographers arriving along gravel trackways. Once my rig is running, I feel the weight of time - generations who lived, worked and dreamed on this cliff before me. The sky echoes that history, reminding me that everything is temporary, connected, and eventually finds its place.

Botallack is a place I’ll return to time and time again - not just for the pictures, but for the perspective, and to honour those tenacious, brave Cornish miners and their families.



MILKY WAY ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY AT RAME HEAD

St Michael's chapel on Rame head under a milky way sky
"A place to pause and rest"
St. Michael's Chapel at Rame Head, south-east Cornwall under a milky way core
Tracked, stacked composite


Chapel at Rame Head in Cornwall under the milky way sky
"Cosmic river of stars"
Same location as previous image
Tracked, stacked composite 

Rame Head is one of those places that feels like it’s been quietly holding the coastline together for a thousand years - a medieval giant with weather‑beaten shoulders and a chapel perched on top like a lone watchman who simply refuses to clock off. St Michael’s Chapel stands there as it always has, a stone sentinel guiding sailors across Plymouth Sound, shrugging off storms, salt, and the centuries with the stubborn dignity of another ancient mariner who’s seen it all.

It has changed little from when I fished off its rocky platforms as a student decades ago.

Around the headland, the maritime cliffside grasslands hum with life: skylarks spiralling upward like musical fireworks, rare butterflies and moths flicker through the scrub, all of them relying on the headland’s wonderfully dark nocturnal horizon to keep their ancient rhythms intact. It’s wild yet welcoming, dramatic yet delicate, a place where history, wildlife and big skies all shake hands.  

As with some of the other places I’ve been privileged to visit this summer, The National Trust work hard to keep it this way, stabilising the chapel’s crumbling masonry and rallying volunteers to protect paths and habitats before footfall and coastal weathering nibble away at its edges.


St Michael's chapel on rame head illuminated from within under the milky way
As previous image with some internal light illumination 

A headland chapel at Rame Head, Cornwall under the milky way


For me, it’s a forty‑five‑minute micro‑adventure from home - a ferry crossing on the Tamar, a drive along one of the most stunning cliff‑top roads in the area. No wonder it’s one of my favourite Milky Way haunts.

One evening I met three lads walking the South West Coast Path, bivvying for the night in the chapel’s shelter. Exhausted, blistered, starving - yet brimming with that wonderful mix of gusto and stubborn zeal only long‑distance walkers possess. They cheerfully offered to help with light painting, then attempted Milky Way shots on their smartphones before collapsing into their sleeping bags. A trio of weary adventurers suddenly transformed into eager astrophotographers, chasing cosmic wonder with cracked screens and aching feet - one of those encounters that reminds you why Rame Head matters: history, hardship, humour and human kindness meeting under a sky big enough to hold them.

Reflecting on my two trips here, I realise Rame Head gave me the greatest sense of perspective this season - the right location, the right weather, the right alignment of the cosmic river above the chapel. Immense silence. Vastness. Feeling small but connected to my world, my galaxy, my cosmos. Deeply humbling.



MILKY WAY ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY AT MULLION COVE 

Mullion Cove fisherman cottage under the milky way
"Fisherman's cottage under the milky way"
Shot at Mullion Cove quayside on The Lizard peninsula, Cornwall
Tracked, stacked, light painted composite

Whenever I come back to Mullion Cove, my mind drifts to the early 1980s - that gloriously chaotic teacher‑training field trip where six geology students decided midnight was perfect for “caterpillar races” in our sleeping bags. We wriggled down the lane like deranged larvae, fuelled by youthful enthusiasm and a heroic amount of alcohol. It was funnier than it sounds - one of those moments impossible to retell because the comedy lived in the sheer ridiculousness of being there.

Even without nostalgia, Mullion Cove feels carved out for stories. A historic harbour tucked beneath steep cliffs, wildlife clinging to ledges, Mullion Island unbending offshore, and the Atlantic forever shifting from turquoise calm to full‑throated fury. The Victorian cottages huddle around the tidal harbour like old friends sharing gossip, while those breakwaters stretch out like protective arms. Fish cellars, net lofts, serpentine stone — all remnants of the ‘sardine trade’ - unmistakably “proper Cornwall.” I’ve sat on the harbour walls many times trying to sketch, write poetry, or reflect deeply; the results always somewhat ‘mixed’, but the intentions being noble.

The harbour dates back to the late 19th century, built to support the fishing economy. Today it feels almost cut off from the modern world, especially at night when cliffs wrap around it like a natural shield. Light pollution barely reaches the cove — though the odd holiday cottage insists on installing motion‑sensor lights that flare up at every passing cat or inebriated wanderer, briefly turning the place into a budget sci‑fi set.

Here, The National Trust work once again with the local community – this time, navigating climate realities. After decades of storms battering the quayside, the policy has shifted toward “managed retreat”: allowing the coastline to breathe and reshape itself.

For astrophotography, Mullion Cove is one of those rare locations where everything quietly conspires in your favour. Darkness, composition, foregrounds - all ready and waiting. The Milky Way rises with clarity, its spine stretching across the sky like a celestial tide. Harbour walls guide the eye outward, cliffs frame the heavens, Mullion Island sits offshore like a granite punctuation mark. Foregrounds abound: textured stone, weathered boats, reflective water – best viewed by walking down the cliffsides from the car park by The Mullion Cove Hotel (which is where we saw this July’s partial eclipse from).

On those magical calm nights the Atlantic becomes a sheet of black glass, catching starlight and harbour glow. Depending on the season, the Milky Way lines up over the harbour, boats, or the cove itself. The sky and land collaborate rather than compete. Anchored yachts drift gently, their mast lights shimmering like tiny lanterns on a darkened stage.  Boats are hauled up the slipway, out for repair.

Now there is a real enchantment after everyone has gone home. The harbour becomes a pocket of stillness - water trickling down the slipway, gurgling through stone. Awe expands. Bioluminescence glows in the gentle swash, waves sync with my breathing, cold air sharpens my senses. The sky feels enormous yet comforting - a reminder that worries are small and already shifting away like the tide.

It seems to me that Mullion Cove is a location that rewards patience and experimentation. It gives me a rare emotional cocktail: photographic potential mixed with inner peace. A place where I can capture something beautiful and feel something meaningful. And like all good places, it leaves a soft pull in the chest - the certainty I’ll return next year, and the year after, to let the night sky do its quiet, steady work.



Boats hauled out at Mullion Cove under the milky way
"In a calm anchorage at Mullion Cove"
Tracked, stacked composite


MILKY WAY ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY AT PRIEST COVE, CAPE CORNWALL 

Milky way selfies at Priest Cove, Cape Cornwall
"Hauled out safely for the night"
Priest Cove, Cape Cornwall 
Tracked, stacked composite

Priest Cove is another place that feels both humble and heroic - a small, rugged fishing cove tucked beneath Cape Cornwall, carrying centuries of human endeavour in its granite rocks. The slipway, cobbled apron, boats hauled up against the Atlantic’s moods… all speak of a community that has always worked with the sea rather than against it. The Great Brisons sitting offshore like brooding granite guardians. It’s iconic not because it tries to be, but because it simply is - shaped by tides, toil and time.

As I stood here, I thought I could almost hear the echo of old pilchard boats creaking at their moorings, or imagine the lantern glow of fishermen preparing for a night launch. Priest Cove has that rare quality of feeling lived‑in without feeling worn‑out.

And then, just after blue hour, as if to consolidate a point, I watched a small fishing boat navigate in at low tide. Hauled up by an old pick‑up, I spent ten pleasant minutes chatting with the three fishermen - grandfather, grandson, and brother‑in‑law. We discussed the catch, shifting ecology, the Octopus invasion and its implications for crabbing. Then the pick‑up roared away up the steep track, leaving me alone to reset my tracker for the Milky Way.


Boats hauled out at Priest Cove in Cornwall, under a milky way sky

Cape Cornwall is not a manicured area. The National Trust manage it and the wider headland by keeping it safe, accessible and true to itself - restoring coastal paths, protecting fragile cliffside habitats, preserving cultural heritage and ensuring that the peninsula remains one of Cornwall’s most pristine dark‑sky locations.

On my daytime recce I spotted fulmars, a red‑beaked chough, swooping buzzards, surfing seals and cormorants drying their wings. Sea thrift clung on despite the heatwave, scurvy grass and withering heather dotted the slopes. Cape Cornwall and Priest Cove remind us that wildlife doesn’t always need wilderness - just a place left to be itself.


Fishing boats at the top of the slip at Priest Cove under a milky way sky

This night, I found my leading lines, sense of drama and magnificent darkness down in the cove. The slipway sat perfectly in line with the milky way, a natural anchor for the compositions - a granite runway to a cosmic stairway. Boats, rocks, tide pools - all ready to catch starlight in subtle ways. The Atlantic, unusually calm, became that smoky dark teal/grey glass reflecting sky colours in broken fragments. Next year, I will aim to image the whole headland from further north along the coast.

Anyway, back to the now down in the cove - where else can you sit on a rough bench with your back against a fisherman’s storehouse, surrounded by old netting? The rustle of wind through grass, the hiss of my jet boil stove, the rhythmic clicking of my shutter, the twinkling lights of Sennen, the sudden flash of offshore lighthouses. Big sky. Big seascape. Deep calm.

Priest Cove, I found, is where astrophotography becomes more than a technical exercise; it becomes a quiet communion. Perspective, calm, and a reminder that my worries are small compared to the sweep of the cosmos. Standing at the edge of Cornwall, the edge of the ocean, and the edge of the night - all at once – it is breathtaking.

 


MILKY WAY ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY AT WEMBURY BEACH 

astrophotography milky way beach selfie at wembury south devon
All this group of images are shot at Wembury Beach in south Devon
All are tracked, stacked composites 

astrophotography milky way landscape at wembury beach in south devbon
"After the crowds have gone home"
Tracked, stacked composite image of Wembury Beach and the Old Mill House.
The green glow? Emergency exit lighting signs in the cafe! 

Wembury Beach is stitched into our family history - sun‑soaked days of rock pooling, paddling and castle‑building when the children were small, memories that cling like sea salt to the skin. It’s one of those rare coastal places that manages to be two beloved destinations in a single day: a bright communal playground by day and now, later in life for me, a quietly magical stage set for stargazing.

From the cliff above, St Werburgh’s Church keeps watch like a benevolent old lighthouse keeper. The whole beach, irrespective of time of day, feels warm, open and embracing - a natural amphitheatre where time slips away without asking permission.

But when the sun drops, Wembury reveals its second personality. The crowds melt, the tide hushes its voice, and the bay becomes a darkened bowl facing the stars. The Great Mewstone shifts from familiar landmark to brooding silhouette; the sky feels vast, as if someone has quietly lifted the lid off the world. Wembury beach becomes a place where the universe seems willing to whisper to anyone patient enough to stand still and listen. Well, it feels that way to me.

I come here as much for the nocturnal wildlife as the cosmic theatre. After the last paddle boarder leaves, badgers begin their nightly commute, tawny owls drift overhead, foxes slip through shadows, mice and voles rustle in the grass, and bats flicker above the car park. Stand still long enough and a hedgehog will trot past; a glow worm will flash neon green. Wembury doesn’t go quiet at night - it simply hands the stage to a different cast.



Astrophotography image of Wembury Mill Cafe under a milky way sky
"Wembury Mill Cafe - closed for the night"

astrophotography milky way landscape image of St Werburgh's church wembury
"A cosmic stairway to heaven"

Astrophotography wise - I remember why I return so often - yes, the car park is convenient as is the drive short - but it’s more than that. The Mewstone becomes the perfect foreground anchor for Milky Way landscapes. The bay offers an uninterrupted horizon for meteor showers and long exposures, and the National Trust’s “let nature be nature” approach keeps intrusive lighting at bay. Turn east early in the season and the Mill House becomes another perfect anchor.

The steady hush of the Channel, punctuated by the occasional deep‑throated thrum of a boat engine offshore, turns the place into a coastal observatory where a night under the stars feels intimate and enormous. Casual stargazers stay longer than planned; astrophotographers mutter “just one more shot” until well past midnight – and, no surprise now, it’s also where I most often meet fellow stargazers for a night of astronomy.

Ok, go on then, I’ll admit it. Yes - it’s also where I can do “lazy” deep‑space astrophotography from the back of my car. Picnic table out, jet boil hissing, snacks everywhere. Lethargic astrophotography, perhaps, but wonderfully intimate on cold winter nights.


astrophotography milky way landscape of wembury beach owned by national trust
"On a calm summertime night - the stars come out to play"



MILKY WAY ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY AT WEMBURY POINT 

astrophotography milky way image of man sat at picnic benching lookiung across the great mewstone to the milky way core above

"The perfect place to muse on one's place in the cosmos"
Wembury Point in south Devon 
All images - tracked stacked composites with some light painting

Another favourite “quick escape” destination - Wembury Point, a National Trust headland sitting in a rare Bortle 3 pocket. Out in the bay broods the Great Mewstone: part island, part myth, part 18th‑century hideout for outcasts and opportunistic smugglers. Another south-west coastal granite sentinel – this one guarding Wembury Bay and the eastern approaches to Plymouth Sound. The whole headland feels raw and wind‑combed, a place where The National Trust wisely lets nature do the landscaping - cliff collapses, secret coves, ravine‑like inlets, ancient till‑topped cliffs shrugging off centuries of storms. Even the old remnants of a 1950’s holiday camp!

At night, the place transforms. Wembury Point becomes another natural observatory - a quiet balcony suspended over the Channel. The Mewstone turns into a carved silhouette, and the sky opens up like it’s sharing a secret. Long exposures feel less like photography and more like eavesdropping: the sea murmuring below, stars sketching slow arcs above, slow throbbing vessels drifting across the water like sleepy fireflies.


man leaning on gate admiring the milky way above wembury Point
"The perfect place to pause awhile and work out one's place in the cosmos"
A tracked, stacked composite image - looking out over The Great Mewstone and Wembury Bay
This is the only image I have ever posted to Facebook which gained over 1800 likes within 24 hours

And then the human encounters which make some astrophotography visits so memorable - two of my best, both on the same night. First came the NT ranger, trudging up the hill after blue hour. “Three days of firefighting,” he sighed. “The brigade have only just finished damping it down.” We talked drought, fire damage, and the loss of grazing livestock. We admired the rising Milky Way together before he vanished into the darkness.

Hours later, at 00:30, came the second encounter - and my wife nearly got her life insurance payout. “Excuse me sir - do you know anything about a fire picking up again?” Two firefighters materialised behind me like ghosts, startling me so badly I nearly launched myself off the cliff. Several locals had phoned in reports of “flickering orange flames” on the headland. They searched, found nothing, and returned an hour later. I switched on my red headtorch so they could see my tripod… and they burst out laughing. The mysterious flames? My blinking red torch. A whole night of insomniac phone calls — courtesy of yours truly. Oops.


man leaning on gate at wembury point looking at the milky way core


As I look back over this season’s wanderings - the cliff‑top chapels, the engine houses clinging to the edge of time, the quiet coves and familiar beaches - I realise that astrophotography has given me far more than images. It has given me perspective, patience, and a deeper appreciation for the wild, fragile beauty of our coastline. Each National Trust site I visited offered something different: a story, a silhouette, a moment of stillness, a reminder that darkness is not emptiness but a habitat, a heritage, and a home for both wildlife and wonder.

These places have shaped my summer, steadied my mind, and stitched new memories into old landscapes. They’ve reminded me that the Milky Way doesn’t just rise over Cornwall and Devon - it rises over all of us too, nudging us gently into feeling small yet significant, connected, and quietly grateful. And as I continue refining these images, comparing first attempts with improved edits, I know the real progress isn’t just technical. It’s emotional. It’s learning to stand still long enough to let the night speak.

From caterpillar races in sleeping bags to midnight chats with fishermen and firefighters… my Milky Way season had everything. And the photos weren’t bad either.

So, here’s to the next milky way season - new skies, new stories, new mistakes, new improvements. And here’s to the National Trust, whose stewardship keeps these places dark, wild, and welcoming for all of us who wander out after midnight with a camera, a flask, and a head full of hope.


Saturday, 12 September 2026

Evaluating my 'Wheal Owles under the milky way' image

 A critical review of my favourite milky way image from this season 

If I was honest – I think this is the best milky way landscape photo I have ever taken. But, then if I critically review it carefully – I know there is significant room for improvement. 

The background to my summer season of milky way photography can be found at https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/09/an-epic-milky-way-summer-16-nights-2000.html

You can find out about my current milky way ediuting work flow here: https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/10/complete-milky-way-editing-workflow.html

 

Wheal Owles under the milky way down Botallack

Ok then - let's get going. As always, if yhou have some tips, thoughts, advice, drop it in a comment box - always appreciated and such sharing helps us all progress further. 

Horizon & Edge Alignment

Engine House & Stack Seam: The masking around the stone engine house and chimney stack is very clean. I can’t see any obvious dark halos or light bleeding around the tight masonry edges, thus keeping the structure sharp against the sky.

Ground Horizon Seam: The transition where the rolling moor/cliff background meets the sky shows a distinct reddish-brown glow. Is that a good thing? Along the left horizon, the blending is smooth, but the intense red ambient cast makes the background landform bleed visually into the lower atmosphere, so obscuring the physical horizon line slightly.

Lighting Consistency

Foreground Lighting: The light painting on the stone wall is dramatic, emphasizing the rugged texture of the granite. It was what I was aiming for on the night. However, the warm, intense orange/red cast covers not just the engine house, but also the ground, the lower sky, and the distant horizon – so I need to improve my light painting techniques.

Colour Balance: This photo suffers from a heavy global colour cast. At first I really liked it; now I’m not so sure. The sky transitions from a strong, saturated reddish-orange glow near the bottom to a deep olive-green hue at the top (an unintended colour shift from my overly heavy-handed white balance and/or noise processing). Actions? Lowering the red/orange cast on the landscape and correcting the greenish tint in the upper sky will make the scene look much more natural and cohesive.

 

Storytelling and narrative

Narrative Impact: This is quintessential South West Coast Path iconography – it was why I wanted to holiday in the area for a few days. I hope the historic tin mining heritage against the backdrop of space tells a powerful story of spirited human history beneath timeless skies. I think it does.

Composition: The framing is visually pleasing. Positioning the engine house chimney on the left creates a stunning dynamic pairing with the vertical sweep of the Milky Way on the right. The smaller structure in the mid-ground gives the scene a great sense of depth and scale, which is what I was hoping for.

Final Verdict

Compositionally and narratively, I feel this is a strong image that perfectly captures the history of this part of the south west coastal footpath. However, the heavy red lighting cast and the green/red gradient in the sky are its main technical drawbacks and this is where some people have loved its dramatic tones and moodiness; whilst others have felt it has failed to capture the night sky and landscape in their true colours on the night. Thus, it is a misrepresentation. Bringing the colour balance back to neutral night tones would address this. My problem? I really like the moody dramatic tones. Beauty is in ‘the eye of the beholder’ after all!

 

So, if I were to improve this image in affinity photo v1 – what could I do?

I could neutralize the intense red light cast on the foreground and fix the green airglow tint in the upper sky by:

1.Removing the Red/Orange Cast from the Engine House: Foreground Adjustment.

Adding a HSL Adjustment Layer directly above my foreground layer. Clicking the colour dropdown menu and selecting Reds - dragging the Saturation slider left (around 30% - 40%) to strip out the oversaturated red tint, would help. Switching the dropdown to Yellows and dropping saturation slightly (around 15%) would leave a natural, warm stone texture without the intense glow.

2.Neutralize the Green Tint in the Upper Atmosphere: Upper Sky Adjustment.

Adding a Selective Colour Adjustment Layer above the sky layer and selecting Greens from the dropdown menu - moving the Magenta slider to the right (+15 to +30%) to counteract the green hue, would help. Similarly, selecting Yellows and shifting the Cyan slider right (+10%) to cool down the remaining sickly undertones in dark space would also benefit the image.

3.Harmonize the Sky and Land Colour Temperatures: Global Colour Balance.

A White Balance Adjustment Layer at the top of my layer stack - Shifting the Temperature slider toward blue to give the sky deep night-blue tones. If the foreground becomes too cool, I could invert the White Balance adjustment mask and paint it onto the sky layer only using a soft, white Paintbrush Tool (B).

 

 

4.Restore Deep Space Blacks with Curves: Contrast Fine-Tuning.

A Curves Adjustment Layer targeting the sky to pull down the shadows slightly – will deepen the background sky contrast, push out residual colour grain and make the stars pop against crisp, dark space.

Verification: Toggle the visibility of the adjustment layers on and off. The engine house stone should retain warm, lit highlights without looking neon red, and the space behind the Milky Way should look clean and dark blue rather than green.

When I have had time to test this work flow proposal – I will post the re-edited image here and we can decide which one looks best.

As always, if you have any constructive criticism, tips and advice about the image, drop it in a comment box below so that we can all learn and benefit from it.

Take care, keep looking up, have fun under the skies

Steve

Aka Plymouthastroboy

Friday, 11 September 2026

Evaluation of my 'fisherman's cottage at mullion cove' under the milky way sky

 A critique of my 'Mullion quayside cottage under the milky way' image 

I am really pleased with this photograph. A great improvement on my normal milky way landscape efforts. But, in an attempt to be truly evaluative, I have taken a closer look.

But beforer we get into this, if you want to read more about my summer season of milky way photography - visit https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/09/an-epic-milky-way-summer-16-nights-2000.html

As always, if you have some constructive comments and tips – then drop them in the comment box below so that we can all learn something new.

You can find my current milky way editing work flow here by the way: https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2026/10/complete-milky-way-editing-workflow.html

 

Fishermans cottage on quayside under milky way at mullion cove on Lizard peninsula

Horizon & Edge Alignment

Masking along the roof line of the cottage and night sky is fairly clean but there is some dark fringing and slight star bleed right above the chimney and along the right of the building.

Landform masking is ok, but there is a telltale soft boundary glow on the far-left cliff edge, where the rocky slope meets the sky. Culprit? Poor masking during the composite blend.


Lighting Consistency

Foreground Lighting: The stone cottage and grassy bank are brightly lit with warm, directional light from my off-camera light painting with a head torch. While this light painting adds pop, the exposure on the front stone wall is almost ‘too’ bright relative to the night sky, thus making the building look artificially pasted over a dark backdrop rather than sitting naturally in a starlit scene.

Colour Balance: The sky features a deep greenish-teal airglow gradient alongside the magenta galactic core. However, the cottage lighting is heavily saturated in warm amber/yellow – this creates a stark, slightly unnatural warm-versus-cool clash.

Potential correction? Softening the light painting exposure on the stone wall and cooling its white balance slightly would blend the foreground seamlessly into the night environment.



Storytelling and narrative

I have been really focusing on two elements this year – composition and narrative story telling within an image. Let’s take a look then at whether I have made any progress.

Narrative Impact: Featuring an iconic coastal cottage in this part of the Lizard Peninsula ties directly into the essence of shelter, heritage, and rest along the south west coastal path trail. Well, I hope so.
Composition: The vertical orientation works well I think - the galactic core erupts directly behind the cottage like chimney smoke, creating a powerful vertical line that draws the viewer’s eye straight up from the cottage to the cosmos.



My Final Verdict?
I think this is a visually striking composition with great vertical energy. Tightening the edge mask along the left cliff and softening the artificial light painting on the cottage stone will turn this image in to a really good photograph.

 

So, next steps:

To tone down the harsh bright light painting on the cottage front and to blend it naturally into the night sky using Affinity Photo 1, I could:

 

1.Target the Foreground Layer: In the Layers Panel, select the foreground image layer containing the illuminated stone cottage. Blend Colour Temperature with White Balance by adding a White Balance Adjustment Layer directly above the foreground layer and clip it (drag it onto the foreground layer thumbnail). Shift the Temperature slider toward blue (cooler) and slightly adjust Tint toward green/magenta until the artificial amber light on the stone matches the surrounding ambient night light.

2. Pull Back Highlights with Curves: so, some Exposure Control. Add a Curves Adjustment Layer clipped to the foreground. Click the top-right node of the curve (the highlights) and drag it downward to lower the harsh intensity of the lit stone wall. Add a node in the centre to pull the midtones down slightly, ensuring the building sits naturally in shadow without looking washed out.

3.Apply a Vignette & Edge Shadow: Final Polish by adding a new Pixel Layer set to Multiply blend mode at 40–50% opacity. Select a large, ultra-soft Paintbrush Tool (B) with dark blue/black ink at 10% opacity, and gently brush around the outer base and roof edges of the cottage to roll off the light painting naturally into the surrounding darkness.

Verification: If I hide and reveal my adjustment layers to confirm that the cottage maintains its detail while looking lit by gentle starlight and ambient glow rather than a bright flashlight – I can evaluate how well these planned adjustments might look.

 

There are other things I could so, although I haven’t quite yet worked out the workflow order yet:

To create a sharp, clean mask along a rigid structure like a stone roofline in Affinity Photo 1 without leaving dark halos or soft bleeding:

1.Outline the Roofline with the Pen Tool: Selection. Select the Pen Tool (P) set to Mode: Path in the top context toolbar. Zoom in closely (200%) and click along the roofline, chimney, and edges to trace the structure precisely. Placing points slightly inside the outer edge of the roof prevents catching sky pixels.

2.Convert the Path to a Selection: Conversion.

With my vector path complete, click the Selection button in the top context toolbar to convert the vector outline into a "marching ants" active selection.

3.Apply Subtle Edge Feathering: Refinement.

Go to Select > Refine Edges. Set Feather to a tiny value (0.5 - 1.0 px) to prevent the cut from looking like a harsh vector cutout. Leave Smooth and Ramp at 0 to avoid softening the straight edges of the roof. Click Apply and see what happens.

4.Generate the Layer Mask: Masking.

With the cottage layer selected in the Layers Panel, click the Mask Layer icon at the bottom of the panel. This automatically clips the sky out along my trace.

Verification: Zoom to 100% along the roofline and chimney. Toggle the sky layer on and off to confirm there are no dark fringe outlines, bright halos, or missing stone textures.

 

On looking closely at this image again – I suddenly spotted some high ISO sensor noise and some ‘grain’ in the sky layer. So this needs resolving. A possible work flow is:

1.Duplicate & Target the Sky Layer: Isolation.

In the Layers Panel, select my sky layer to duplicate it. Name this new layer "Sky Denoise". This keeps my edits non-destructive.

2.Remove Colour Speckles (Denoise Live Filter): Colour Noise.

Go to Layer > New Live Filter Layer > Noise > Denoise... Drag the live filter layer so it sits inside my "Sky Denoise" layer. In the Denoise dialog, set Extreme to off, and increase Chrominance slider. This should clear out ugly red, green, and blue colour speckles from dark space without softening star details.

3.Smooth Luminance Noise: Luminance Grain.

In the same Denoise dialog, I could slowly raise the Luminance slider and keep Luminance Detail around 50% to ensure fine stars don't get erased or smudged into blobs.

4.Protect Sharp Stars with Frequency Separation: Star Preservation.

If fine stars still lose sharp contrast – that is a potential issue - Filters > Frequency Separation... setting the radius to 2 – should help. Apply noise reduction only to the High Frequency or Low Frequency layer as needed (I am still learning what these layers are), or invert my Denoise mask and paint noise reduction onto the black space between stars using a soft brush. Again, this is new learning for me.

Verification: Zoom to 100% on a dark patch of space away from the Milky Way core. Toggle the Denoise filter on and off to verify that colour grain disappears while the smallest stars remain crisp pinpoint dots.

 

As always, I will put the new image here and we will be able to do a direct comparison to see whether my proposed work flow above has worked.