Monday, 3 February 2025

My beginner's guide to using autoguiding with an ASIair mini

 Newly arrived to my blog? Want to know more about me before you dive into my posts? Why not visit the home page first and start your exploration from there: 

https://undersouthwestskies.blogspot.com/2025/01/welcome-to-my-new-astronomyastrophotogr.html

And welcome. 

Welcome to 'UnderSouthWest Skies'. Thanks for stopping by. I hope you find the experience worthwhile. This blog post has been written from my own 'beginner perspective' after doing lots of reading on  various basic astronomy and astrophotography topics of interest to beginners.  In getting my head around it all, I may have got odd bits slightly wrong; but, like you, I am on a leaning journey, so please forgive any unintentional errors.  Also, just because I have gone down a particular road regarding equipment, it doesn't mean that I have chosen the 'CORRECT' route!  

Meanwhile, clear skies to you. Take care and thanks for visiting   Steve aka PlymouthAstroBoy 


A few months ago I took the plunge and dived into autoguiding

Let me remind you - this is my current astrophotography kit

  • Canon 800D (which is about to be astro-modified)
  • Samyang 135 and 14mm lenses at F/2
  • Canon 22 and 50mm prime lenses at F/2.8
  • SkyWatcher Star Adventurer 2i 
  • Ioptron skytracker
  • Optolong L-Pro filter 
The autoguiding set up I assembled comprises of 
  • ASIair mini
  • ZWO 120mm mini guide cam
  • RVO 32mm Guide scope 
Why did I delve into autoguiding? 

Fair question. Well after a couple of years of getting solid 2 minute subs, I wanted to push this a little further to 3 - 6 minute subs. I have tried with the SWSA 2i to achieve this but it has been hit and miss. I decided that simple autoguiding would help me achieve this more easily. 

These were the four videos that set me off on this journey: 







As always, the notes I provide below are my 'cheat notes' which I take with me on most shoots. I assembled them from research notes made whilst watching various YouTube videos and reading various blogs and websites.  They are written for me - but they may help you if you are beginning your auto guiding journey. 

As always my blogs come with a caveat. I may have things wrong. I may have misunderstood things. Remember this is a blog written by a beginner to astronomy and astrophotography for other beginners starting a similar learning journey. 

If you think I need to add further detail or correct something, drop me a comment below and I will get it sorted. And thank you! 



My 'cheat' notes for setting up autoguiding on an astrophotography night: 


For tips about connecting everything - see the very end 

A . Setting up mount  and Polar Aligning

1.       Focus main dslr camera on polaris to focus lens/WO ZS 61ii – use bahtinov mask

2.       Rough Polar align tracker  – level tripod – polar line MANUALLY (tracker off)

3.       Balance the rig as usual - green dovetail as low as poss; CW higher up bar near centre of rotation

4.       Switch star tracker on to app – do test shots on different targets – ensure tracker working and balanced – reset app to 0 or 999 photos after; then switch tracker off

5.       Connect cables to Asiair (0C temp – then bubble wrap ASIair as per manual instructions)

6.       Power up ASIair and focus guidescope/ camera – load app on phone; on app first page – leave main camera FL at 0

7.       To focus guide scope/cam - on main camera and guide camera menus - switch off both cameras in the app. Then on main camera tab - select guide cam as the main camera. Do test shots and focus guide scope manually using focusing rings. Do test shots - when focused - switch back to main camera tab at top and re-select the DSLR as main camera. Go back into Guide camera tab and re-select the 120mm mini as guide cam. Select guide speed x0.5 in settings. 

8.       On main app page  - check plate solving works – annotate to see DSO target; switch on cross hairs 

9.   Try PA immediately with ASIair on and star tracker mount off

a.       AA on/tracker off

b.       select PA in main screen of app and follow instructions. Aiming for less than 20” smiley face; slew 60 degrees. Preview. Give time for settling vibrations; Take test shot. Adjust until PA is accurate and smiley face gained. use 3" exposures. Increase to 10" if necessary. Refresh and keep adjusting RA and DEC until very close to target co-ordinates. Adjust RA first. Remember to tap synch mount button at end. 

c.       Now switch on mount tracker

d.       IF PA FAILS – go to preview – view an image – check what issue is

10.       Alternative PA – turn off mount – cancel warning screen – move scope manually. When PA finished – power off mount; power of AA mini. Power mount back on followed by AA mini. Finish by manually turning mount switch back on.

11.       Finish by slewing to DSO – do plate solve below 



B. start the autoguiding focus/calibration

1.      tap guiding on LH menu on home page of app to bring up graph. 

2.   Make sure that rig is swung outwards - always calibrate on target near celestial equator target

3.       Clear calibration tab – top right corner graph

3.       Double tap graph – guiding screen comes up – check DEC IS OFF; RA aggr set to 55 - 70% in first instance; DEC set to 100% ; (Confirm under the mount tab at top that mount settings ensure guiding rate = x.0.5; try RA aggr at 55% first – aiming to get RMS figures <1.0. If >1.0 = focusing issue on guide cam start again!  

4.       Tap looping arrows symbol RH menu 3” exposure  zenith 2”(gain 60 – 70) (can take 5 to 10 mins for calibration) if stars too bright reduce gain

5.       Tap on a star to select  - may automatically select a star for me  – mid range brightness and size

6.       Tap cross hairs RH menu to start calibration – Should move guide camera around 25 pixels (px). First west/then east – optimally 5 – 8 steps.

7. By the time reach 10 - 15 steps west, the box should be off the star and then moving back towards it; it clears backlash on the east on its way back and should end up centred in the green box at end. 

8.       Watch guiding graph – blue RA line should be between +/- 4”  - allow graph to run for 40” to calm down. Aiming for RMS ,1.0 and RA 0.5 ish

9.       Determine maximum shutter speed when guiding for main camera image; Adjust ISO and interval etc to check image

10.   Tips - Aim for star peak of 80 – 200 for proper lock on.  If number of steps <4 – calibration = poor  - adjust calibration to smaller number . If number of steps too many – ASIair wont reach 25 px in reasonable time – time out message – adjust calibration step to larger number  - try 5000 – 8000 initially. Other settings try 2000 or 2500.    Should take around 10 – 20 steps max. If imaging towards zenith – increase calibration step.     If dec red line jumps off graph – poor polar alignment – redo. Aiming for +/- 4 on RA line. If graph jumpy – decrease RA aggressiveness in guiding tab

12.   If calibration fails tips – tracker on and working? All cables in correctly? No cables snagging? Not pointing at Polaris? Dec mode – off?

13.   To touch camera for any reason – stop guiding  - clear graph after; tap looping again to start  - DON’t redo calibration 

In this screenshot - I have started guiding calibration
It wasn't going well but that was because, as I later discovered, my tracker wasn't working properly

C. set up auto run/main camera settings 

1.       Select auto run page and then tap three lines/dots icon. Set up shooting plan - regarding exposure length , interval and number of shots. Do test shots on DSO in auto run – do not touch camera if not done above   - first delay 15” – interval 3” – set up for 1 image only; put in target 

2.       When image appears on screen – zoom in and check no star trailing – if unclear STOP GUIDING - go back and refocus main camera with bahtinov mask and then restart guiding and do test images in preview. Star trailing lower exposure length and test again  

3.       Now having completed test shots - set up auto run details for night  - fill in target etc

4.        lights info  - AVOID MERIDIAN FLIP – DO CALCULATIONS OF EXPOSURE TIME TOTAL  - work out how many lights required before meridian flip – enter data  - press autorun

5.       Watch the graph – watch RMS values on RA and check guiding accuracy

6.       Tips -  DO EXPOSURES IN 20 – 30 MIN BLOCKS . At end – repeat main camera focusing procedure – preview – test shots x 3” – zoom in on screen and check sharpness and adjust main lens focus accordingly . Repeat autoguider refocusing procedure. Adjust for temperatures changes 

Again in this shot  the guiding calibration isn't going well - too many steps! 

here is a screenshot showing good guiding in the graph
RA blue line is showing 0.59' and this is good. The stars in the previous image, which is the one shown, are pin point with no trailing evident. On the RH menu we can see the next image is being shot and we have 112" left of a 120" image. So far, on the auto run - 6/15 lights have been taken. 

This shows a good autoguiding.
The two cross lines are green and meet centrally in the green square. RA is 0.66' - well below 1.0. 

Problem solving on the night:  If getting trailing or inaccurate guiding, initially check

1.       all settings are switched on in app - e.g. main cam, mount and guide cam

2.       correct focal lengths entered in various tabs

3.       focus is absolute on both cameras

4.       settings in app not interfering 

5.    cables are not snagging anywhere around mount

6.   Mount is is powered and working. Ditto with ASIair mini

7.   Internet signal still established between app and ASIair mini


NOTES:

Connecting equipment together

1.        From back of ZWO 120mm mini guide camera – usb cable to ASIair mini usb slot; 


2.       ST4 cable from guide cam to SWSA 2i tracker

3.        From Canon 800D dslr – cable from usb port to ASIair mini usb slot

4.        To ASIair mini – 12v cable from power tank; 


5.         USB storage drive into spare USB slot on ASIair mini

6.        From separate power banks on tripod legs – (a) dummy battery usb cable from canon 800 dslr to       one power pack  (b) Dew heater bands for guide scope and lenses or zenithstar 61ii to second           power pack  

7.        Attach ASIair mini to tripod to reduce weight on star tracker – ensure all cables will rotate freely       with tracker 




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